Linux, vim

vim – nvim norm command

1

In neovim 0.4.3-3 in normal mode this command :

:put=range(1,4)

will put numbered list from 1 to 4

but when i want to put numbers only in blank lines like this:

:g/^$/norm :put=range(1,14)

it is not working as expected – only highlighting empty lines but put is not working, why ?

The :normal command only executes complete commands and your :put Ex command is missing an “Enter” at the end to actually execute it.

From :help :normal:

{commands} should be a complete command. If {commands} does not finish a command, the last one will be aborted as if <Esc> or <C-C> was typed. A : command must be completed as well.

You can fix that by adding an extra “Enter” character at the end of your command, which you can enter with:

Ctrl+V, Enter

It will display as a ^M in Vim:

:g/^$/norm :put=range(1,14)^M

(There are ways to avoid having to enter a literal “Enter” in your command. For instance, the :execute command is often used for that.)

But in this case there’s a much simpler solution, which is to drop the :normal altogether and just have :g run :put directly!

:g/^$/put=range(1,14)

The :g command will run an Ex command for each line it matches and :put is an Ex command, so you can just cut the middle man here.

Note that what this command does is append 14 new numbered lines after each blank line in your buffer. Not sure if that’s actually what you intended with it or not.

Source: vim – nvim norm command – Unix & Linux Stack Exchange

Linux, sysadmin

How to Use Your Bash History in the Linux or macOS Terminal

  • Up Arrow or Ctrl+P: Go to the previous command in your history. Press the key multiple times to walk backwards through the commands you’ve used.
  • Down Arrow or Ctrl+N: Go to the next command in your history. Press the key multiple times to walk forwards through the commands you’ve used.
  • Alt+R: Revert any changes to a command you’ve pulled from your history if you’ve edited it on the current line.

Bash also has a special “recall” mode you can use to search for commands you’ve previously run, rather than scrolling through them one by one.

  • Ctrl+R: Recall the last command matching the characters you provide. Press this shortcut and start typing to search your bash history for a command.
  • Ctrl+O: Run the command you found with Ctrl+R.
  • Ctrl+G: Leave the history searching mode without running a command.

Source: How to Use Your Bash History in the Linux or macOS Terminal

sysadmin, wordpress

Create a WordPress admin user with SQL

Create a WordPress admin user with MySQL

If you’ve ever been locked out of a WordPress installation, but have access to the database, here’s a nifty snippet to grant you administrator-level access. There are a couple of things you need to do before using this MySQL code. First, set the variables to your own information. Next, if your WordPress installation is based on a non-standard wp_ table prefix, you must find/replace ‘wp_’ with your current table prefix.

SET @id = 99;
SET @user = 'username';
SET @pass = 'password';
SET @email = 'email@ddress';
SET @name = 'Your Name';
INSERT INTO  wp_users (ID, user_login, user_pass, user_nicename, user_email, user_url, user_registered, user_activation_key, user_status, display_name) VALUES (@id, @user, MD5(@pass), @name, @email, '', '2013-06-20 00:00:00', '', '0', @name);
INSERT INTO  wp_usermeta (umeta_id, user_id, meta_key, meta_value) VALUES (NULL, @id, 'wp_capabilities', 'a:1:{s:13:"administrator";s:1:"1";}');
INSERT INTO  wp_usermeta (umeta_id, user_id, meta_key, meta_value) VALUES (NULL, @id, 'wp_user_level', '10');
INSERT INTO  wp_usermeta (umeta_id, user_id, meta_key, meta_value) VALUES (NULL, @id, 'active', '1');

Source: Coderrr | Create a WordPress admin user with MySQL – Coderrr

microsoft, MicrosoftSucksAss, Software, sysadmin, Win10, Windows

Disable the Cloud sign-in option on Office 2019

Note: Might be easier to install the admx admin templates to Group Policy Editor. See this post for more info

Office 2019 annoyingly wants you to sign in to either a domain or the cloud. It shares the same registry space as Office 2016, so the procedure is:

Preparation:

1. Note that this must be done on a per-user basis, for anyone who logins into the machine. So 2 users on the same machine = do it twice. Or if that user signs into another machine, do it again.
2. Go into one of the Office apps, go to Account, and select “Sign out” & then click Yes when prompted.

First, close all Office applications:

Word
Excel
PowerPoint
Outlook
etc.

Second, open the Registry Editor: (may need to Run As Admin)

Start > Run > regedit

Third, navigate down the tree:

HKEY_CURRENT_USER
SOFTWARE
Microsoft
Office
16.0
Common

Third, add the SignIn folder:

Right-click on the Common folder
Go to New > Key
Name it “SignIn” (without the quotes)

Fourth, add the registry key to disable the sign-in option:

Right-click on the SignIn folder
Go to New > DWORD (32-bit) VALUE
Name it “SignInOptions” (without the quotes)
Set the value to 3

Fifth, verify that it worked:

Open up Word
It should no longer have the “Sign in” button in the top bar
Under File > Account, all of the sign-in verbage should be gone

If you ever need to add it back in, just delete the SignInOptions reg key!

Source: Question – Tutorial: Disable the Cloud sign-in option on Office 2019 | AnandTech Forums: Technology, Hardware, Software, and Deals

Open Source

Kodi 19 with estuary. Edit shutdown menu/options

On windows with the app (not from the windows store) copy the skin folder from: c:\program files (x86)\Kodi 19\addons\skin.estuary
to: %appdata%\Kodi\addons

go to %appdata%\kodi\addons\skin.estuary\xml
(create a backup copy of home.xml)
Line 1056 on that file (on notepad click on view -> status bar) would say this:
<param name=”onclick” value=”ActivateWindow(shutdownmenu)” />
Change to:
<param name=”onclick” value=”Quit()” />

You can edit DialogButtonMenu.xml to change the options in shutdownmenu. Edit the “visible” line for options to say no. Make a copy first!

Source: Kodi 19 with estuary. Edit shutdown menu/options

arduino

AVR Firmware Duplicator

Overview

This project addresses a simple need: duplicate a working AVR (Arduino) microcontroller firmware: including bootloader, user programming, eeprom, and fuses.  You can create one copy or as many as you want.  If you have an AVR-ISP device, you essentially have a chip copy machine.  While we think about using the ISP for downloading (burning/flashing) the uC, the hardware interface is also capable of reading the information.

Caveat:
You must have access to an AVR-ISP programmer.
I personally use an old UNO running ArduinoISP and a ZIF shield from Adafruit: http://www.adafruit.com/products/462 but one could also use something like:
http://www.adafruit.com/products/46
http://store.atmel.com/PartDetail.aspx?q=p:10500054#tc:description
https://www.sparkfun.com/products/9825

DUPE.CMD – Windows Read & Copy (XP, Vista tested)

windows_read___copy__xp__vista_tested_.
DUPE.CMD – Windows Read & Copy (XP, Vista tested)
Download
REM
prompt $G
ECHO OFF
CLS
ECHO.
ECHO BATCH COPY ATMEGA328P-PU VIA ARDUINO-ISP ON com4
CD C:\Program Files\Arduino_105\hardware\tools\avr\bin
ECHO ENSURE MASTER CHIP IS IN THE READER
ECHO CTRL+C to abort OR PRESS Any key to begin copy...
ECHO.
pause >nul
ECHO Creating hexadecimal binary files of ATmel328P contents...
>stdout.log 2>&1 (
avrdude -c arduino -P com4 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U flash:r:%temp%\backup_flash.hex:i
ECHO flash has been sAVED to backup_flash.hex
avrdude -c arduino -P com4 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U eeprom:r:%temp%\backup_eeprom.hex:i
ECHO eeprom has been SAVED to backup_eerpom.hex
avrdude -c arduino -P com4 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U hfuse:r:%temp%\backup_hfuse.hex:i
ECHO hfuse has been SAVED to backup_hfuse.hex
avrdude -c arduino -P com4 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U lfuse:r:%temp%\backup_lfuse.hex:i
ECHO lfuse has been SAVED to backup_lfuse.hex
avrdude -c arduino -P com4 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U efuse:r:%temp%\backup_efuse.hex:i
ECHO efuse has been SAVED to backup_efuse.hex
)
ECHO Hexadecimal files created.
ECHO.
CD C:\Program Files\Arduino_105\hardware\tools\avr\bin
ECHO INSERT THE NEW CHIP now!
ECHO PRESS Any key to write new chip...
pause >nul
REM Note that the path cannot contain the drive letter "C:" so you cannot use %temp% as previously
REM Reference:http://savannah.nongnu.org/bugs/index.php Bug report #39230
REM.
>>stdout.log 2>&1 (
avrdude -c arduino -P com4 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U flash:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_flash.hex
ECHO backup_flash.hex WRITTEN
avrdude -c arduino -P com4 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U eeprom:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_eeprom.hex
ECHO backup_eeprom.hex WRITTEN
avrdude -c arduino -P com4 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U hfuse:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_hfuse.hex
ECHO hfuse WRITTEN
avrdude -c arduino -P com4 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U lfuse:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_lfuse.hex
ECHO lfuse WRITTEN
avrdude -c arduino -P com4 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U efuse:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_efuse.hex
ECHO efuse WRITTEN ... this may change from 05 to 07 with BOD being disabled by AVRDUDE
)
ECHO.
ECHO Chip duplication and verification is complete.
ECHO Starting Notepad editor to display log file.
start notepad C:\Program Files\Arduino_105\hardware\tools\avr\bin\stdout.log
ECHO.
ECHO Press Any key to close this window...
pause >nul

ANOTHER.CMD – Multiple copies (Run ONLY after DUPE.CMD)

multiple_copies__run_after_read_copy_for_second_onward____.
ANOTHER.CMD – Multiple copies (Run ONLY after DUPE.CMD)
Download
REM Execute this for 2nd throgh n copies IMMEDIATELY after 1st copy
PROMPT $G
ECHO OFF
CLS
CD C:\Program Files\Arduino_105\hardware\tools\avr\bin
ECHO INSERT THE NEW CHIP INTO ARDUINO ISP PROGRAMMER
ECHO PRESS Any key to write new chip (CTRL+C to abort)
ECHO ...
PAUSE >nul
REM Paste 328: Note that the path cannot contain the drive letter "C:" so you cannot use %temp% as previously
REM Reference:http://savannah.nongnu.org/bugs/index.php Bug report #39230
REM.
>stdout.log 2>&1 (
DIR %temp%\*.hex
ECHO ATmel328P-PU duplication is beginning now...
avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U flash:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_flash.hex
ECHO flash WRITTEN
avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U eeprom:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_eeprom.hex
ECHO eeprom WRITTEN
REM high_fuses=0xDA
REM REM avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U hfuse:w:0xDA:m
avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U hfuse:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_hfuse.hex
ECHO hfuse WRITTEN
REM low_fuses=0xE2
REM avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U lfuse:w:0xE2:m
avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U lfuse:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_lfuse.hex
ECHO lfuse WRITTEN
REM extended_fuses=0x05
REM avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U efuse:w:0x05:m
avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U efuse:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_efuse.hex
ECHO efuse WRITTEN
)
REM.
REM Chip duplication is complete... starting display of log file.
start notepad C:\Program Files\Arduino_105\hardware\tools\avr\bin\stdout.log
ECHO.
ECHO Press Any key to close this window...
PAUSE >nul

Example of batch commands for AVRDUDE running under Windows

Examples are all relative to the contents of my %temp% variable – remember to change for your specific environment!

To Read and create a disk file image:

  •  flash

avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U flash:r:%temp%\backup_flash.bin:r

  • eeprom

avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U eeprom:r:%temp%\backup_eeprom.bin:r

  • hfuse

avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U hfuse:r:%temp%\backup_hfuse.bin:r

  • lfuse

avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U lfuse:r:%temp%\backup_lfuse.bin:r

  • efuse

avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U efuse:r:%temp%\backup_efuse.bin:r

To Write a disk file image into the ATmega328 microcontroller (no line breaks):

  • flash

avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U flash:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_flash.bin

  • eeprom

avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U eeprom:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_eeprom.bin

  • hfuse

avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U hfuse:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_hfuse.bin

  • lfuse

avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U lfuse:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_lfuse.bin

  • efuse

avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U efuse:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_efuse.bin

There are no line-breaks in the commands above, the Hackster editor does the line wrapping automatically!

Issues & Notes

I am only describing how to clone the ATmega328P-PU which is used in the Arduino UNO.  The process lends itself to any Arduino microcontroller but the exact parameters for the commands will vary.  You will need to do research for other processors and other ISP programmers other than the ArduinoISP running on UNO with the Adafruit shield.

Other things you MUST know prior to being successful:

  1. The USB/Serial communications port for your AVR-ISP burner, generally denoted as comX
  2. The AVR device name for the Atmel microcontroller, the UNO uses ATMEGA328P
  3. The exact location where you intend on writing the temporary image files, I used %temp%
  4. The exact location where you intend on reading the temporary image files… without drive letter

So, let’s get started with the explanation of how this all works!

Software:
Software?  If you have the Arduino environment on your PC, the software AVRDUDE is already loaded!  If you need software, then download and install from this link: http://arduino.cc/en/Main/Software
Examples of how the AVRDUDE software can be used from a command line is located here:
http://www.nongnu.org/avrdude/user-manual/avrdude_6.html

Batch file (script):
You will need to either type the commands below in a command window under your OS to read a working Arduino microcontroller flash, eeprom, and fuses.  The commands create Intel HEX files which represent the exact information contained in the Arduino 328 microcontroller (UNO example.)

Within Windows, the user’s temporary files location is denoted by an environmental variable automatically set and named  %temp% and this resolves to a long path (for grins, type this in a command window: echo %temp% and press the ENTER key.)  In my case on my particular PC running Vista, the %temp% is equivalent to:  C:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp but your path will likely be very different.  Now is a good time to open the command prompt (Start / Run… / CMD and press Enter)  … on Win8 you can go through the help system to get a run command line, then type CMD to open the environment.  Other OS provide the feature, but you will need to research of non-Windows.

There is a BUG (or if not a bug an very annoying feature) of AVRDUDE that allows the reading path to have the “C:” drive in the path variable but the writing path must exclude the “C:”.  So, while you can use %temp% for creating the binary files, you must type the path without the C: for the write process.  OR, if you are a super DOS freak, you know you can create your own parameter to pass… I will not explain all of this here because I wish to keep this write-up simple..

Here is a link and sample batch file that will give you an idea of how to construct a proper path without the drive letter so that you can completely mechanize the record & write processes without having to hard-code the path:
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/636381/what-is-the-best-way-to-do-a-substring-in-a-batch-file

Sample preamble to create a path without the leading drive letter:

echo OFF
echo.
set tempdir=%TMP%
echo Temporary Directory= %tempdir%
REM echo Modified Path=       %tempdir:~2%
set newpath=%tempdir:~2%
echo Temporary Directory= %newpath%

You can use this procedure to quickly create chips with a bootloader and the program and the correct fuse settings and use that chip on a breadboard.  And while you cannot de-compile to source code from an Arduino, you could certainly copy whatever program and data is contained in a working UNO microcontroller and insert the chip into another UNO (official or clone) board.  Otherwise, it is just fun to know that you can duplicate all aspects of the software environment.

Warning:  some non-official “Arduino” boards may come with the lock-bit set in the chip in which case you will NOT be able to copy the flash program.  See: http://support.atmel.no/bin/customer.exe?action=viewKbEntry&id=394

– Ray

Code

windows_read___copy__xp__vista_tested_.
Download
windows_read___copy__xp__vista_tested_.
REM
prompt $G
ECHO OFF
CLS
ECHO.
ECHO BATCH COPY ATMEGA328P-PU VIA ARDUINO-ISP ON com4
CD C:\Program Files\Arduino_105\hardware\tools\avr\bin
ECHO ENSURE MASTER CHIP IS IN THE READER
ECHO CTRL+C to abort OR PRESS Any key to begin copy...
ECHO.
pause >nul
ECHO Creating hexadecimal binary files of ATmel328P contents...
>stdout.log 2>&1 (
avrdude -c arduino -P com4 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U flash:r:%temp%\backup_flash.hex:i
ECHO flash has been sAVED to backup_flash.hex
avrdude -c arduino -P com4 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U eeprom:r:%temp%\backup_eeprom.hex:i
ECHO eeprom has been SAVED to backup_eerpom.hex
avrdude -c arduino -P com4 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U hfuse:r:%temp%\backup_hfuse.hex:i
ECHO hfuse has been SAVED to backup_hfuse.hex
avrdude -c arduino -P com4 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U lfuse:r:%temp%\backup_lfuse.hex:i
ECHO lfuse has been SAVED to backup_lfuse.hex
avrdude -c arduino -P com4 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U efuse:r:%temp%\backup_efuse.hex:i
ECHO efuse has been SAVED to backup_efuse.hex
)
ECHO Hexadecimal files created.
ECHO.
CD C:\Program Files\Arduino_105\hardware\tools\avr\bin
ECHO INSERT THE NEW CHIP now!
ECHO PRESS Any key to write new chip...
pause >nul
REM Note that the path cannot contain the drive letter "C:" so you cannot use %temp% as previously
REM Reference:http://savannah.nongnu.org/bugs/index.php Bug report #39230
REM.
>>stdout.log 2>&1 (
avrdude -c arduino -P com4 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U flash:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_flash.hex
ECHO backup_flash.hex WRITTEN
avrdude -c arduino -P com4 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U eeprom:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_eeprom.hex
ECHO backup_eeprom.hex WRITTEN
avrdude -c arduino -P com4 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U hfuse:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_hfuse.hex
ECHO hfuse WRITTEN
avrdude -c arduino -P com4 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U lfuse:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_lfuse.hex
ECHO lfuse WRITTEN
avrdude -c arduino -P com4 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U efuse:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_efuse.hex
ECHO efuse WRITTEN ... this may change from 05 to 07 with BOD being disabled by AVRDUDE
)
ECHO.
ECHO Chip duplication and verification is complete.
ECHO Starting Notepad editor to display log file.
start notepad C:\Program Files\Arduino_105\hardware\tools\avr\bin\stdout.log
ECHO.
ECHO Press Any key to close this window...
pause >nul
multiple_copies__run_after_read_copy_for_second_onward____.
Download
multiple_copies__run_after_read_copy_for_second_onward____.
REM Execute this for 2nd throgh n copies IMMEDIATELY after 1st copy
PROMPT $G
ECHO OFF
CLS
CD C:\Program Files\Arduino_105\hardware\tools\avr\bin
ECHO INSERT THE NEW CHIP INTO ARDUINO ISP PROGRAMMER
ECHO PRESS Any key to write new chip (CTRL+C to abort)
ECHO ...
PAUSE >nul
REM Paste 328: Note that the path cannot contain the drive letter "C:" so you cannot use %temp% as previously
REM Reference:http://savannah.nongnu.org/bugs/index.php Bug report #39230
REM.
>stdout.log 2>&1 (
DIR %temp%\*.hex
ECHO ATmel328P-PU duplication is beginning now...
avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U flash:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_flash.hex
ECHO flash WRITTEN
avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U eeprom:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_eeprom.hex
ECHO eeprom WRITTEN
REM high_fuses=0xDA
REM REM avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U hfuse:w:0xDA:m
avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U hfuse:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_hfuse.hex
ECHO hfuse WRITTEN
REM low_fuses=0xE2
REM avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U lfuse:w:0xE2:m
avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U lfuse:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_lfuse.hex
ECHO lfuse WRITTEN
REM extended_fuses=0x05
REM avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U efuse:w:0x05:m
avrdude -c arduino -P com9 -p ATMEGA328P -b 19200 -U efuse:w:\Users\owner\AppData\Local\Temp\backup_efuse.hex
ECHO efuse WRITTEN
)
REM.
REM Chip duplication is complete... starting display of log file.
start notepad C:\Program Files\Arduino_105\hardware\tools\avr\bin\stdout.log
ECHO.
ECHO Press Any key to close this window...
PAUSE >nul

Comments

Be the first to comment!
Share

Author

Coffeemath

Ray Burnette

Some stuff about things